Major Pest of Brinjal, Okra, Spinach

 

BRINJAL (Eggplant)

Scientific name: Solanum melongena

Major Insect Pests

Pest	Scientific Name
Shoot and Fruit Borer	Leucinodes orbonalis
Stem Borer	Euzophera perticella
Hadda Beetle (Epilachna Beetle)	Epilachna vigintioctopunctata
Ash Weevil	Myllocerus subfasciatus
Aphid	Aphis gossypii
Jassid / Leafhopper	Amrasca biguttula biguttula
Whitefly	Bemisia tabaci
Thrips	Thrips tabaci
Mealybug	Coccidohystrix insolita
Spider Mite	Tetranychus urticae
Leaf Roller	Eublemma olivacea
Leaf Webber	Psara bipunctalis
Budworm	Helicoverpa armigera
Hairy Caterpillar	Spilarctia

Major pests commonly reported in brinjal include shoot and fruit borer, hadda beetle, stem borer, aphids, jassids, whitefly, thrips, mites, and leaf-feeding caterpillars.

Major Diseases (Pathogens)

Disease	Pathogen
Damping Off	Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia solani
Bacterial Wilt	Ralstonia solanacearum
Fusarium Wilt	Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melongenae
Phomopsis Blight & Fruit Rot	Phomopsis vexans
Cercospora Leaf Spot	Cercospora melongenae
Alternaria Leaf Spot	Alternaria solani
Collar Rot	Sclerotium rolfsii
Little Leaf Disease	Phytoplasma
Mosaic Disease	Mosaic Virus
Root Rot	Macrophomina phaseolina

Collar rot, bacterial wilt, Phomopsis blight, damping-off, and wilt diseases are important in Tamil Nadu brinjal-growing regions.

Nematodes

Nematode	Scientific Name
Root-Knot Nematode	Meloidogyne incognita
Root-Knot Nematode	Meloidogyne javanica
Root-Knot Nematode	Meloidogyne arenaria
Root-Knot Nematode	Meloidogyne hapla
Reniform Nematode	Rotylenchulus reniformis

Root-knot nematodes are the most important nematodes in brinjal.

LADYFINGER / OKRA / BHENDI

Scientific name: Abelmoschus esculentus

Major Insect Pests

Pest	Scientific Name
Shoot and Fruit Borer	Earias vittella
Spotted Bollworm	Earias insulana
Aphid	Aphis gossypii
Jassid	Amrasca biguttula biguttula
Whitefly	Bemisia tabaci
Thrips	Thrips tabaci
Red Spider Mite	Tetranychus urticae
Leaf Roller	Sylepta derogata
Cotton Mealybug	Phenacoccus solenopsis
Flea Beetle	Podagrica spp.
Fruit Borer	Helicoverpa armigera

Shoot and fruit borer, jassid, aphid, whitefly, and mites are major economic pests of okra.

Major Diseases (Pathogens)

Disease	Pathogen
Yellow Vein Mosaic Disease (YVMV)	Begomovirus
Powdery Mildew	Erysiphe cichoracearum
Cercospora Leaf Spot	Cercospora abelmoschi
Fusarium Wilt	Fusarium oxysporum
Damping Off	Pythium spp.
Root Rot	Rhizoctonia solani
Leaf Blight	Alternaria spp.
Mosaic Disease	Virus Complex

YVMV is the most destructive disease of okra and is spread mainly by whitefly.

Nematodes

Nematode	Scientific Name
Root-Knot Nematode	Meloidogyne incognita
Root-Knot Nematode	Meloidogyne javanica
Reniform Nematode	Rotylenchulus reniformis
Lesion Nematode	Pratylenchus spp.
Sting Nematode	Belonolaimus spp.

Okra is highly susceptible to root-knot nematodes.

 SPINACH (Palak / Spinach Greens)

Scientific name: Spinacia oleracea

Major Insect Pests

Pest	Scientific Name
Aphid	Myzus persicae
Leaf Miner	Liriomyza trifolii
Cutworm	Agrotis ipsilon
Armyworm	Spodoptera litura
Tobacco Caterpillar	Spodoptera litura
Whitefly	Bemisia tabaci
Thrips	Thrips tabaci
Flea Beetle	Phyllotreta spp.

Major Diseases (Pathogens)

Disease	Pathogen
Damping Off	Pythium spp.
Downy Mildew	Peronospora farinosa f.sp. spinaciae
Cercospora Leaf Spot	Cercospora beticola
Anthracnose	Colletotrichum dematium
Fusarium Wilt	Fusarium oxysporum
White Rust	Albugo occidentalis
Mosaic Disease	Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV)

Nematodes

Nematode	Scientific Name
Root-Knot Nematode	Meloidogyne incognita
Root-Knot Nematode	Meloidogyne javanica
Lesion Nematode	Pratylenchus spp.